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Actually, I think it's partially political as well. State schools are funded by state tax dollars which are taxed to the state's people so.... I think that's the reasoning behind it. They kind of have more a "duty" to enroll their own state's students.
The grading system in the U.S. is... eh, more or less uniform. It has less to do with a state than individual high schools. I mean, even my high school and a high school 30 minutes away did grades differently. My high school didn't do +/- system while other schools did. Also, there's grade inflation and it's really hard to tell which schools have it and which schools don't. That's why emphasis is placed on national exams such as SAT, ACT, and AP.
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